SHIH HUANG TI 259 SM-210 SM

Chinese emperor Shih Huang Ti great from 238-210 BC unify China by force of arms and laid-reshuffle reshuffle. This renovation was a major factor in the unification of Chinese culture today.

Shih Huang Ti (also known by the nickname of Ch'in Shih Huang Ti) was born in 259 BC and died in 210 BC. To understand the significance of personal, first we need to know the historical background of his time. He was born in the late Chou dynasty which was founded around 1100 BC. Centuries before his time, Chou dynasty had lost its potency as a ruler, and China split into numerous feudal states.

Parts of this feudal kings endlessly fighting each other, and gradually wither away some small ruler. One of the most powerful country ever fistfight that Ch'in, in the west part of China. Ch'in kingdom leaders embraced the philosophical school of legalists who state basis. Kong Hu Cu-suggest that the population was ruled by moral paragon example of their leaders. But, according to the legalist school of philosophy, people are not good enough orders in a way that indicated Kong Hu Cu-, because it is not possible ditrapkan. Better, the people were being closely watched by the rules of hard and forced indiscriminately. Laws and rules laid down by the authorities and the authorities can change the view that he needs for the future of the country's political interest

It could be a result of adhering to the legalist ideas, could be also due to the location of its geographical position, or it could be thanks to the leadership ability of Ch'in, the country became the most powerful country among the countries in the Chinese empire at the time of Cheng (Shih Huang Ti offspring in the future ) was born. Symbolically Cheng ascended the throne in 246 BC at the age of thirteen, but in practice the government to hold a council Cheng mature enough in the year 238 BC. The new king was lifted capable generals and a fervent zeal devour feudal lands are still living. Feudal country last fall in 221 BC and after that he can proclaim himself as Wang (king) throughout China. Just to give weight, in order to cut its ties with the past, he wore a new title and calls himself Shih Huang Ti which means "first emperor."Shih Huang Ti immediately rushed to make major changes. Based on a determination to prevent another divorce-berainya China had destroyed the kingdom of Chou, he decided to clear out the whole system of feudal rule. Areas under their control is divided into 36 provinces for him, and in each province appointed a civilian governor directly appointed by the emperor. Shih Huang Ti provincial governor decreed that no longer based on descent. As a result of this decision, there was a shift habits of the governor of one province to another province to prevent the possibility of an ambitious local officials and develop a power base for the benefit of himself. Each province also has a military leader, appointed by the emperor, and at times can be moved at any time he pleased. In addition, it also appointed three officials to maintain a balance between the civil governor and military governor. He built a long highway linking the capital with a neat and provincial towns. The highway was constructed in such a way - in addition to its economic significance - also sometimes can be used to move troops to central areas in case a lot of behavior and try to make the act which can interfere with the integrity and stability of the power center. Shih Huang Ti did not forget to announce the rules for the aristocratic-old aristocrat who are still alive should be settled in the capital with a view to Hsieng that they can be easily monitored his movements.However, Shih Huang Ti was not satisfied until in situ. He was not content merely to matters of political unity and military means alone, but also trying to raise its economic unity. He determines the norms of good size and length scales to weigh something. He set a standard currency, all kinds of equipment, vehicle length and width as well as oversee the construction of roads and waterways. And he also set a uniform legal system for the whole of China follows standard written language.The most famous act of the emperor (or perhaps the least popular) is issuing regulations that require years of 213 BC in China burn all the books except the books relating to the problems of agriculture, medicine, history of the Ch'in and the book- philosophy books written by authors legalist ideology adherents. The rest - no books except the doctrine of Confucius-Cu - must be destroyed. With the issuance of this rule may miss the first example of large-scale sensor in history. He intends to confront his opponent out philosophies, especially schools of Kong Hu-Cu. However, Shih Huang Ti ordered copies of banned books and stored in a library in the capital.Foreign policy is no less hard and strong. He did the conquest of southern China, and the conquered areas incorporated into Chinese territory. Also in northern and western troops succeeded, but he was unable to subdue the population permanently. To prevent them not to attack China, Shih Huang Ti connecting various local wall that was already there on the border of northern China to become a giant wall lines. Great wall of China that are still intact today. Construction of this project follows the battles with outsiders, people with high tax burden, and this made him unpopular. Because of the rebellion against the iron hand of government is not possible, a series of actions people do to spend his life. However, none of these assassination attempts were successful, and Shih Huang Ti died naturally in 210 BC.

Second son of Emperor replaced Erh Shih Huang Ti title. However, the child does not have the capability of the father, because it was a rebellion broke out. Within four years he was killed. Dibumihangus royal library, and fully Ch'in dynasty was overthrown.However, the work of Shi Huang Ti attempt completion of which is not a vain thing. Chinese people are having heart tyrannical reign has ended, but, there are few who desire to return to the atmosphere of anarchy as the past. The next dynasty (Han dynasty) went on the basis of the administrative system established by the Ch'in Shih Huang Ti. And indeed, in fact, throughout the twenty-first century imperial China to continue the lines already laid. Although the harsh Ch'in legal system immediately softened by the Han dynasty emperors, and even throughout the legalist philosophy was shunned and become more Confucianisme state philosophy, political and cultural unification that has been built by Shih Huang Ti was not faded.Overall, the significance for China Shih Huang Ti never mind ablaze. Western people always fascinated by the huge size of China, but generally the history is not really bigger than the European population. The difference is, Europe is always broken up into small states, while China is united into a large country. This difference appears due to political factors and social, rather than because of geographical factors, such as in the case of long distance mountain in China is not much different from what exists in Europe. Erratic course, the unification of China can not be considered solely the work of a Shih Huang Ti. Many people - such as Sui Wen Ti - also plays an important role, but no doubt Shih Huang Ti of the most important of which is important. He was the central point.Shih Huang Ti talking about is not fully complete without mentioning the prime minister is smart and powerful, Li Ssu. Indeed, so important influence on decision-making Li Ssu emperor that it is difficult to tell which is more decisive between them concerning the major changes that occurred. To avoid the difficulty there look look here, I set all services to their combined actions Shih Huang Ti. (After all, even though Li Ssu ask the advice, the last word on the emperor).Shih Huang Ti, among others-inflicted burn books, condemned by most writers berfaham Kong Hu Cu-behind today. They condemned it as a tyrant, kedukun-dukunan, full of superstition, devilish, child prostitute and capable absurdly responsibility. In contrast, the Chinese Communists generally worshiped as a progressive thinker. Western writers sometimes compare Shih Huang Ti with Napoleon. However, he seems more akin to Augustus Caesar, the founder of the Roman Empire. Empire that they established more or less have a similarity in the size of area and population. The difference is, the Roman empire stands much shorter and the area was ruled by August Caesar can not be united in a long time. Not the case in Shih Huang Ti. Shih Huang Ti's why it's more influential than Augustus Caesar.