Born around the year 551 BC in the small town of Lu, now enter the province of Shantung in northeastern China. The widowed father of a young age, making life miserable beside her mother. When leaving an adult he became a petty civil servant, but after the lapse of several years he decided'd better off alone. Throughout the next sixteen years, Kong Hu Cu to be a teacher, little by little to find the influence of philosophy and fad followers. Stepping on the age of fifty years of his star began to shine as he can be a high position in the administration of Lu.
The good fortune apparently not always friendly for people who are jealous with this act and the act was dragged into court so that not only managed to take it off of the chair position, but also made him leave the city. No less than thirteen years, Kong Hu Cu wandering feet go, so the teacher around, just returned home from five years before her death in 479 BC.
Kong Hu Cu-often regarded as the founder of a religion, this assumption is certainly wrong. He rarely associate with the divine teachings, rejecting talk of afterlife, and strictly avoid any talk of dealing with matters metaflsika. He-no more and no less-a secular philosopher, just dealing with moral issues as well as political and personal moral behavior.
There are two values are very important, said Kong Hu-Cu, which is "Yen" and "Li:" "Yen" are translated by the word "Love," but they are more subject to mean "The hospitality in a relationship with someone." "Li" is described as a combination of behavior, worship, customs, manners and courtesy.
Worship of ancestors, the basic beliefs of bin basically China even before the birth of Confucius, Cu, more emphasis was confirmed again with loyalty to the family and respect for the elderly. Teachings of Confucius-Cu also underscored the importance of necessity a wife respect and obey her husband and a similar obligation of a citizen to his government. This is quite different from Chinese folk tales that always opposed every form of tyranny. Kong Hu Cu-sure, there's no other country to serve the interests of the people, not turned back. Not to lose jemunya Kong Hu Cu-emphasize that the ruler must rule first of all give you an example based on a model that moralists and not through playing hard and kemplang. And one of the few legal doctrine is similar to the "Golden Rule" of his Christianity, which reads "What you do not like other people do to you, do not do it."
The main point of view, Kong Hu Cu basically very conservative. He thought, the golden age is past, and he urged both the ruler and the people to return home, rely on the size of the genah moral, do not digress. The fact that there is not an easy matter at hand. Kong Hu Cu desire-that govern how not to play snapped, but the passing show of good role models are not so well at the beginning of the era. Therefore, Kong Hu Cu-more approach a reformer, an innovator rather than what was really at her dreams.
Kong Hu Cu-lived in Chou Dynasty, a period menyuburnya intellectual life in China, while the ruling was ignored altogether-petuahnya advice. Only after he wafatlah his teachings spread throughout the corner of China.
Berbetulan with the emergence of Ch'in dynasty in 221 BC, suffered a very bleak future. Emperor Shih Huang Ti, the first emperor of Ch'ing dynasty, unanimously determined to clear-cutting-adherent Kong Hu Cu and cut off the chain of contact of the past. Issuance of order of the day menggencet creamed teachings Kong Hu Cu-view mirror and move well and professional thugs and vandals to conduct a massive search, seize all the books containing the teachings of Confucius-Cu and dicemplungkan into the fire pit until it is destroyed to ashes. Depravity plan is apparently not too effective. When the Ch'ing dynasty neared collapse, adherents Kong Hu Cu-bara rose again to rekindle the spirit and doctrine-Kong Hu Cu. In the next dynasty (Han dynasty of 206 BC - 220 AD). Confucianisme became the official philosophy of the Chinese nation.
Starting from the Han Dynasty, the emperors of China level by level to develop the selection system for those who want to become civil servants by way of taking the test in order to become civil servants do not haphazard but people have good quality standards and moral skills. Selection for long and weighs more purposeful: an eye exam include basic philosophy of Confucius-Cu. Because land is so pegawal ladder towards material prosperity and social status keterangkatan, please understandable if among enthusiasts fought fierce battles going places. The next result, air-fronted generations of Chinese intellectuals frontman massive amounts up to his eyes dizzy treasures of classical literature-Khong Hu Cu. And, for centuries throughout the Chinese civil service consists of those views grounded in the philosophy of Confucius-Cu. This system (with a few interludes) took place almost two thousand years, beginning in 100 BC to 1900 AD
But, Confucianisme not only the official philosophy of the Chinese government, but also accepted and lived by the great majority of Chinese people, influential to the basics of their hearts, to guide the direction of thinking during a period of more than two thousand years.
There are several reasons why Confucianisme have such a tremendous influence on Chinese people. First, the honesty and innocence Kong Hu Cu-not be doubted. Secondly, he's a moderate and exceedingly practical and do not ask a lot of things that people are not able to be implemented. If Kong Hu Cu-wanted someone to be respected, that people do not bother to become a saint first. In this case, as in the case of other teachings, he reflects and simultaneously translate the practical nature of the Chinese people. Terms is likely to be the most basic factor of success of the teachings of Confucius-Cu. Kong Hu Cu-exceedingly not ask for much. For example he did not ask the Chinese to exchange the basics of old beliefs. In fact the opposite, Kong Hu Cu-in supporting the clean clear language so that they do not need to be moved. Apparently, no one anywhere in the world of philosophers such close contact in terms of the fundamental views of the residents as well as Hu-Cu Kong.
Confucianisme that emphasizes a series of obligations aimed at individuals rather than accentuate their rights, it is difficult to digest and less attractive to the size of the Western world. As a philosophy of state looks amazingly effective. Measured from the point of the ability to maintain harmony and prosperity in the Chinese domestic term not less than two thousand years, it is clear can be compared with other forms of government in the world.
The idea of philosophy Kong Hu Cu-rooted in Chinese culture, it is not much effect outside the territory of East Asia. In Korea and Japan are subtle effect and is due to these two countries is heavily influenced by Chinese culture.
Currently in a state Confucianisme Guram in China. The problem is, the Communist government bend over backwards in order to link the minds of the people with the past is lost altogether. With the persistent and systematic Confucianisme so battered out of the possibility of one day not too far away from earth Confucianisme China. But because in the past, riding Confilcianisme root so deeply plunged in the earth of China, it is not impossible, whether one hundred or one hundred fifty lahun to come - some Chinese philosopher could marry the two big ideas: Confucianisme and the teachings of Mao Tse-Tung.
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